Scalable buffer remote access

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for scalable buffer remote access is provided. Scalable buffer remote access may include generating, at a client device, a scalable display buffer request indicating a portion of a display area of an operating environment of a host device and a scaling factor ratio, transmitting the scalable display buffer request to the host device, receiving rendered content including a scaled rendering of a representation of the portion of the display area of the host device, presenting a client display window including the rendered content as a window into the display area of the operating environment of the host device, receiving a zoom indication, and presenting an updated client display window based on the rendered content and the zoom indication or based on updated rendered content received from the host device.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application relates to computer implemented applications.

BACKGROUND

A computing device may execute an operating environment that may include elements, such as file system objects and executing applications. The computing device may render a representation of the operating environment as part of a graphical interface, which may be output for presentation on a display unit of the computing device. The representation of the operating environment may be rendered at a defined display resolution, which may define a display area included in the graphical interface.

SUMMARY

Disclosed herein are aspects of systems, methods, and apparatuses for scalable buffer remote access.

An aspect is a method for scalable buffer remote access. Scalable buffer remote access may include generating, at a client device, a scalable display buffer request indicating a portion of a display area of an operating environment of a host device, and a scaling factor ratio; transmitting the scalable display buffer request to the host device; receiving rendered content including a rendering of a representation of the portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device, wherein the rendering is scaled based on the scaling factor; presenting a client display window including the rendered content as a window into the display area of the operating environment of the host device.

Another aspect is another method for scalable buffer remote access. Scalable buffer remote access may include initiating an scalable buffer remote access session, wherein initiating the scalable buffer remote access session includes receiving host display information indicating a display area of an operating environment of a host device, generating, at a client device, a scalable display buffer request indicating a portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device, and a scaling factor ratio; transmitting the scalable display buffer request to the host device via an electronic communication network; receiving, via the electronic communication network, rendered content including a rendering of a representation of the portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device, wherein the rendered content is scaled based on the scaling factor ratio; and presenting a client display window including the rendered content as a window into the display area of the operating environment of the host device by outputting the client display window to a graphical display device of the client device.

Variations in these and other aspects will be described in additional detail hereafter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The description herein makes reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a computing device in accordance with implementations of this disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a computing and communications system in accordance with implementations of this disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of remote access in accordance with implementations of this disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of movable window based remote access in accordance with implementations of this disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of scalable buffer remote access in accordance with implementations of this disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of scalable buffer remote access ratios in accordance with implementations of this disclosure; and

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a scalable buffer remote access process flow in accordance with implementations of this disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Remote access technologies, such as remote desktop or screen sharing, may allow a computing device (client) to remotely access an operating environment of another computing device (host). For example, the host device may render a representation of a display area of the operating environment, which may be associated with a defined resolution, and may transmit the rendered output to the client device for presentation on a display unit of the client device. Rendering the representation of the display area may include, for example, encoding the content of the display area as a series of frames.

In moving window based remote access technologies, the host device may render a representation of a portion of the display area of operating environment on the host device and may transmit the output, including the rendered output of the display area, to the client device. The client device may present the rendered output as a window into the display area of the operating environment. The window may be moved to include another portion of the display area, or zoomed to include greater detail of the portion of the display area, and the host device may render the updated portion of the display area and transmit the output to the client device for presentation.

In some implementations, moving window based remote access technologies may perform poorly at the client device due to the time utilized between input of a change in window position or zoom at the client device and receipt, at the client device, of the output rendered by the host device. For example, changing the portion displayed may include transmitting information indicating the new the portion of the display area from the client device to the host device, which may include a size of the portion, rendering the new portion of the display area at the host device, transmitting the output from the host device to the client device, and presenting the rendering of the new portion at the display unit of the client device.

Scalable buffer remote access may improve remote access performance, and may include transmitting information indicating a buffer portion of the display area from the client device to the host device, rendering the buffer portion of the display area at the host device, which may include scaling the rendered buffer portion, transmitting the rendered output from the host device to the client device, and presenting a client display window including the rendered buffer portion at a display unit of the client device. In some implementations, the presenting the client display window at the client device may include scaling the rendered output received from the host device.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a computing device 100 in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. A computing device 100 can include a communication interface 110, a communication unit 120, a user interface (UI) 130, a processor 140, a memory 150, instructions 160, a power source 170, or any combination thereof. As used herein, the term “computing device” includes any unit, or combination of units, capable of performing any method, or any portion or portions thereof, disclosed herein.

The computing device 100 may be a stationary computing device, such as a personal computer (PC), a server, a workstation, a minicomputer, or a mainframe computer; or a mobile computing device, such as a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop, or a tablet PC. Although shown as a single unit, any one or more element of the communication device 100 can be integrated into any number of separate physical units. For example, the UI 130 and processor 140 can be integrated in a first physical unit and the memory 150 can be integrated in a second physical unit.

The communication interface 110 can be a wireless antenna, as shown, a wired communication port, such as an Ethernet port, an infrared port, a serial port, or any other wired or wireless unit capable of interfacing with a wired or wireless electronic communication medium 180.

The communication unit 120 can be configured to transmit or receive signals via a wired or wireless medium 180. For example, as shown, the communication unit 120 is operatively connected to an antenna configured to communicate via wireless signals. Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, the communication unit 120 can be configured to transmit, receive, or both via any wired or wireless communication medium, such as radio frequency (RF), ultra violet (UV), visible light, fiber optic, wire line, or a combination thereof. Although FIG. 1 shows a single communication unit 120 and a single communication interface 110, any number of communication units and any number of communication interfaces can be used.

The UI 130 can include any unit capable of interfacing with a user, such as a virtual or physical keypad, a touchpad, a display, a touch display, a speaker, a microphone, a video camera, a sensor, or any combination thereof. The UI 130 can be operatively coupled with the processor, as shown, or with any other element of the communication device 100, such as the power source 170. Although shown as a single unit, the UI 130 may include one or more physical units. For example, the UI 130 may include an audio interface for performing audio communication with a user, and a touch display for performing visual and touch based communication with the user. Although shown as separate units, the communication interface 110, the communication unit 120, and the UI 130, or portions thereof, may be configured as a combined unit. For example, the communication interface 110, the communication unit 120, and the UI 130 may be implemented as a communications port capable of interfacing with an external touchscreen device.

The processor 140 can include any device or system capable of manipulating or processing a signal or other information now-existing or hereafter developed, including optical processors, quantum processors, molecular processors, or a combination thereof. For example, the processor 140 can include a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessor in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a programmable logic array, programmable logic controller, microcode, firmware, any type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, or any combination thereof. As used herein, the term “processor” includes a single processor or multiple processors. The processor can be operatively coupled with the communication interface 110, communication unit 120, the UI 130, the memory 150, the instructions 160, the power source 170, or any combination thereof.

The memory 150 can include any non-transitory computer-usable or computer-readable medium, such as any tangible device that can, for example, contain, store, communicate, or transport the instructions 160, or any information associated therewith, for use by or in connection with the processor 140. The non-transitory computer-usable or computer-readable medium can be, for example, a solid state drive, a memory card, removable media, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), any type of disk including a hard disk, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a magnetic or optical card, an application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or any type of non-transitory media suitable for storing electronic information, or any combination thereof. The memory 150 can be connected to, for example, the processor 140 through, for example, a memory bus (not explicitly shown).

The instructions 160 can include directions for performing any method, or any portion or portions thereof, disclosed herein. The instructions 160 can be realized in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. For example, the instructions 160 may be implemented as information stored in the memory 150, such as a computer program, that may be executed by the processor 140 to perform any of the respective methods, algorithms, aspects, or combinations thereof, as described herein. The instructions 160, or a portion thereof, may be implemented as a special purpose processor, or circuitry, that can include specialized hardware for carrying out any of the methods, algorithms, aspects, or combinations thereof, as described herein. Portions of the instructions 160 can be distributed across multiple processors on the same machine or different machines or across a network such as a local area network, a wide area network, the Internet, or a combination thereof.

The power source 170 can be any suitable device for powering the communication device 110. For example, the power source 170 can include a wired power source; one or more dry cell batteries, such as nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion); solar cells; fuel cells; or any other device capable of powering the communication device 110. The communication interface 110, the communication unit 120, the UI 130, the processor 140, the instructions 160, the memory 150, or any combination thereof, can be operatively coupled with the power source 170.

Although shown as separate elements, the communication interface 110, the communication unit 120, the UI 130, the processor 140, the instructions 160, the power source 170, the memory 150, or any combination thereof can be integrated in one or more electronic units, circuits, or chips.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a computing and communications system 200 in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. The computing and communications system 200 may include one or more computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C, one or more access points 210A/210B, one or more networks 220, or a combination thereof. For example, the computing and communication system 200 can be a multiple access system that provides communication, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, or a combination thereof, to one or more wired or wireless communicating devices, such as the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C. Although, for simplicity, FIG. 2 shows three computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C, two access points 210A/210B, and one network 220, any number of computing and communication devices, access points, and networks can be used.

A computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C can be, for example, a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1. For example, as shown the computing and communication devices 100A/100B may be user devices, such as a mobile computing device, a laptop, a thin client, or a smartphone, and computing and the communication device 100C may be a server, such as a mainframe or a cluster. Although the computing and communication devices 100A/100B are described as user devices, and the computing and communication device 100C is described as a server, any computing and communication device may perform some or all of the functions of a server, some or all of the functions of a user device, or some or all of the functions of a server and a user device.

Each computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C can be configured to perform wired or wireless communication. For example, a computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C can be configured to transmit or receive wired or wireless communication signals and can include a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a server, consumer electronics, or any similar device. Although each computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C is shown as a single unit, a computing and communication device can include any number of interconnected elements.

Each access point 210A/210B can be any type of device configured to communicate with a computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C, a network 220, or both via wired or wireless communication links 180A/180B/180C. For example, an access point 210A/210B can include a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B, an enhanced Node-B (eNode-B), a Home Node-B (HNode-B), a wireless router, a wired router, a hub, a relay, a switch, or any similar wired or wireless device. Although each access point 210A/210B is shown as a single unit, an access point can include any number of interconnected elements.

The network 220 can be any type of network configured to provide services, such as voice, data, applications, voice over internet protocol (VoIP), or any other communications protocol or combination of communications protocols, over a wired or wireless communication link. For example, the network 220 can be a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), virtual private network (VPN), a mobile or cellular telephone network, the Internet, or any other means of electronic communication. The network can use a communication protocol, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), the user datagram protocol (UDP), the internet protocol (IP), the real-time transport protocol (RTP) the Hyper Text Transport Protocol (HTTP), or a combination thereof.

The computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C can communicate with each other via the network 220 using one or more a wired or wireless communication links, or via a combination of wired and wireless communication links For example, as shown the computing and communication devices 100A/100B can communicate via wireless communication links 180A/180B, and computing and communication device 100C can communicate via a wired communication link 180C. Any of the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C may communicate using any wired or wireless communication link, or links. For example, a first computing and communication device 100A can communicate via a first access point 210A using a first type of communication link, a second computing and communication device 100B can communicate via a second access point 210B using a second type of communication link, and a third computing and communication device 100C can communicate via a third access point (not shown) using a third type of communication link. Similarly, the access points 210A/210B can communicate with the network 220 via one or more types of wired or wireless communication links 230A/230B. Although FIG. 2 shows the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C in communication via the network 220, the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C can communicate with each other via any number of communication links, such as a direct wired or wireless communication link.

Other implementations of the computing and communications system 200 are possible. For example, in an implementation the network 220 can be an ad-hock network and can omit one or more of the access points 210A/210B. The computing and communications system 200 may include devices, units, or elements not shown in FIG. 2. For example, the computing and communications system 200 may include many more communicating devices, networks, and access points.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of remote access in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. Remote access may include a host device 310, which may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, communicating with a client device 320, which may be may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, via a network 330, such as the network 220 shown in FIG. 2.

The host device 310 may execute an operating environment, which may include an instance of an operating system and may be associated with an account, such as a logged in user account. As shown, a representation of the operating environment may include a display area 340. The display area 340 may indicate a height and a width of the representation of the operating environment. For example, the display area 340 may be associated with a defined display resolution, which may be expressed in physical units of measure, such as millimeters, or logical units of measure, such as pixels. For example, the display area 340 may have a display resolution of 1920 (width) by 1080 (height) pixels. The host device 310 may render the display area and may transmit the rendered output to the client device 320 via the network 330. In some implementations, the host device 310 may render the output as a series of frames, which may include an I-frame followed by one or more P-frames.

The client device 320 may execute an operating environment, which may include a remote access application 322. The client device 320 may receive the rendered output from the host device 310 via the network 330 and may present the representation of the display area 340A via a graphical display unit of the client device 320.

In some implementations, the client device 320 may be configured to present the representation of the display area 340A at a display resolution that differs from the display resolution rendered by the host device 310. For example, the client device 320 may scale the rendered output for presentation via the graphical display unit of the client device 320. In some implementations, the host device 310 may receive an indication of the display resolution of the client device 320 and may render the representation of the operating environment using the display resolution of the client device 320.

For example, the host device 310 may adjust the display resolution of the host device 310 to match the display resolution of the client device 320, and may render the representation of the display area at the adjusted display resolution. Adjusting the display resolution may cause unwanted interference with the operating environment of the host device 310.

In another example, rendering the representation of the display are at the host device 310 may include scaling or sampling the representation of the display area to generate output at the display resolution of the client device 320, which may consume significant resources, such as processing resources, and may produce graphical artifacts.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of movable window based remote access in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. Movable window based remote access may include a host device 410, which may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, communicating with a client device 420, which may be may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, via a network 430, such as the network 220 shown in FIG. 2.

The host device 410 may execute an operating environment, which may include an instance of an operating system and may be associated with an account, such as a logged in user account. As shown, a representation of the operating environment may include a display area 440. The host device 410 may receive an indication of a display window 442, which may include a display resolution and position, from the client device 420. The host device 410 may render a representation of a portion of the display area indicated by the window 442, and may transmit the rendered output to the client device 420 via the network 430.

Although any size and position scheme may be used, display resolution and position are described herein using pixel count and Cartesian coordinates such that the display resolution of the display area 440 may be expressed as a number of horizontal pixels and a number of vertical pixels, such as 1920×1080, a pixel at the top left corner of the display area 440 may be indicated by the coordinates 0/0, and a pixel at the bottom right corner of the display area 440 may be indicated by the coordinates 1920/1080.

For example, the display area 440 of the host device 410 may be expressed as a width, which may be a number of horizontal pixels, such as host_width=1920, and a height, which may be a number of vertical pixels, such as host_height=1080, and the display window 442 may be expressed as a width, which may be a number of horizontal pixels, such as client_width=1024, a height, which may be a number of vertical pixels, such as client_height=800, and a position, which may indicate, for example, the position of the top left corner of the display window 442 relative to the display area 440. The position may include a horizontal offset, which may be a number of pixels from the left side of the display area 440, such as offset_x=10, and a vertical offset, which may be a number of pixels from the top of the display area 440, such as offset_y=280.

The client device 420 may execute an operating environment, which may include a remote access application 422. The client device 420 may receive the rendered output from the host device 410 via the network 430 and may present the representation of the portion of the display area as a client display window 442A via a graphical display unit of the client device 420.

Although not shown in FIG. 4, the position, size, zoom, or a combination thereof, of the display window 442A may be updated at the client device 420. The updated display window information may be transmitted to the host device 410. The host device 410 may render a representation of a new portion of the display area based on the updated window information, and may transmit the rendered output to the client device 420 via the network 430. The client device 420 may receive the rendered output from the host device 410 via the network 430 and may present the representation of the new portion of the display area 442A via a graphical display unit of the client device 420.

In some implementations, changing the position, size, or zoom of the display window 442A may perform poorly at the client device 420. For example, the client device 420 may send updated display window position information, such as a new offset, to the host device 410. The host device 410 may process the updated display window information, may render a representation of the updated portion of the display area 440 corresponding to the updated display window information as a series of frames including an I-frame followed by one or more P-frames, and may send the series of frames to the client device 420. The client device 420 may receive one or more of the series of frames, such as the I-frame, and may begin presenting the representation of the updated portion of the display area. The I-frame may take longer to render and transmit than a P-frame. The delay between sending the updated information and receiving the rendered output corresponding to the new offset may be noticeable, such as hundreds of milliseconds.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of scalable buffer remote access in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. Scalable buffer remote access may include a host device 510, which may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, communicating with a client device 520, which may be may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, via a network 530, such as the network 220 shown in FIG. 2.

The host device 510 may execute an operating environment, which may include an instance of an operating system and may be associated with an account, such as a logged in user account. As shown, a representation of the operating environment may include a display area 540. In some implementations, the host device 510 may not include a graphical display device. Although described as two dimensional herein, the display area 540 may be three dimensional.

The host device 510 may receive an indication of a scalable display window buffer 542, which may include a buffer resolution, a buffer position, and a scaling factor ratio, from the client device 520. The buffer resolution may indicate a height and width of the scalable display window buffer 542. The buffer position may indicate a position of the scalable display window buffer 542 relative to the host display area 540. The scaling factor ratio may indicate a ratio between the buffer resolution and a display resolution of the client device 520. The host device 510 may render a representation of a portion of the display area 540 indicated by the scalable display window buffer 542, which may include scaling the content of the display area 540 included in the scalable display window buffer 542, and may transmit the rendered output to the client device 520 via the network 530.

The client device 520 may execute an operating environment, which may include a remote access application 522. The client device 520 may receive the rendered output from the host device 510 via the network 530 and may present the representation of the portion of the display area, which may be scaled, as a client display window 542A via a graphical display unit of the client device 520.

Although not shown in FIG. 5, the position, size, zoom, or a combination thereof, of the client display window 542A may be updated at the client device 520. Updated scalable display window buffer information may be transmitted to the host device 510. The host device 510 may render a representation of a new portion of the display area 540 based on the updated scalable display window buffer information, which may include scaling the content of the display area 540 included in the updated scalable display window buffer 542, and may transmit the rendered output to the client device 520 via the network 530. The client device 520 may receive the rendered output from the host device 510 via the network 530 and may present the representation of the new portion of the display area as the client display window 542A via a graphical display unit of the client device 520.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of scalable buffer remote access ratios in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. FIG. 6 shows a display area 610 of an operating environment of a host device, such as the host device 510 shown in FIG. 5, a client display window 620 of a client device, such as the client device 520 shown in FIG. 5, and a scalable display window buffer 630.

The display area 610 may indicate a height and a width of a representation of the operating environment at the host device. For example, the display area 610 may be expressed as a width, which may be a number of horizontal pixels, such as host_width=1920, and a height, which may be a number of vertical pixels, such as host_height=1080.

The client display window 620 may indicate a height and width of a display window on a client device, such as the client device 520 shown in FIG. 5. For example, the client display window 620 may be expressed as a width, which may be a number of horizontal pixels, such as client_display_width=800 (x=800), a height, which may be a number of vertical pixels, such as client_display_height=480 (y=480). The position of the client display window 620 relative to the display area 610 may be expressed as an offset, which may indicate a position of the top left pixel of the client display window 620 relative to the top left pixel of the display area 610, and may include a horizontal offset, and a vertical offset. The horizontal offset may indicate a logical or physical distance, such as a number of horizontal pixels, from the left side of the display area 610 to the left side of the client display window 620, and may be expressed as display_offset_x. The vertical offset may indicate a logical or physical distance, such as a number of vertical pixels, from the top of the display area 610 to the top of the client display window 620, and may be expressed as display_offset_y.

The scalable display window buffer 630 may indicate a height and width of a portion of the display area of the host device, such as a portion requested by a client device. For example, the scalable display window buffer 630 may be expressed as a width, which may be a number of horizontal pixels, such as client_buffer_width=1224, a height, which may be a number of vertical pixels, such as client_buffer_height=1000. In some implementations, the height and width of the scalable display window buffer 630 may be expressed as a function of the height and width of the client display window and a respective height and width scaling ratio. For example, the width of the scalable display window buffer 630 may be expressed as client_buffer_width=client_display_width*ratio_x, and the height of the scalable display window buffer 630 may be expressed as client_buffer_height=client_display_height*ratio_y.

The position of the scalable display window buffer 630 relative to the display area 610 may be expressed as an offset, which may indicate a position of the top left pixel of the scalable display window buffer 630 relative to the top left pixel of the display area 610, and may include a horizontal offset, and a vertical offset. The horizontal offset may indicate a logical or physical distance, such as a number of horizontal pixels, from the left side of the display area 610 to the left side of the scalable display window buffer 630, and may be expressed as buffer_offset_x. The vertical offset may indicate a logical or physical distance, such as a number of vertical pixels, from the top of the display area 610 to the top of the scalable display window buffer 630, and may be expressed as buffer_offset_y.

In some implementations, the position of the client display window 620 may correspond with the top left corner of the display buffer 630, as shown. In some implementations, another position for the client display window 620 relative to the display buffer 630 may be used. For example, the client display window 620 may be positioned such that the center of the client display window 620 corresponds with the center of the display buffer 630.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a scalable buffer remote access process flow in accordance with implementations of this disclosure. Scalable buffer remote access may include a client device 702, which may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or the computing and communication devices 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, communicating with a host device 704, which may be may be a computing device, such as the computing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 or computing and communication device 100A/100B/100C shown in FIG. 2, via a network, such as the network 220 shown in FIG. 2.

Scalable buffer remote access, may include initiating remote access at 710, rendering a portion of a representation of an operating environment at 720, encoding the rendered content at 725, transmitting the encoded rendered content to the client device 702 at 730, presenting the rendered content at 740, receiving a zoom indication at 745, transmitting an updated scalable buffer request to the host device at 750, rendering an updated portion of a representation of an operating environment at 760, encoding the updated rendered content at 765, transmitting the encoded rendered content to the client device 702 at 770, presenting updated rendered content at 780, or a combination thereof.

Scalable buffer remote access may be initiated at 710. Initiating scalable buffer remote access may include establishing a connection between the client device 702 and the host device 704. The client device 702 and the host device 704 may exchange information, such as a client display buffer request, a request identifier (request_id), a requested display buffer size (client_buffer_width, client_buffer_height), a requested display buffer position (display_offset_x, display_offset_y), a scaling factor ratio (ratio_x, ratio_y), and a display resolution (host_width, host_height) of the host device 704. In some implementations, the exchanged information may indicate that the client device 702 is using scalable buffer remote access. In some implementations, the client device 702 and the host device 704 may exchange encoding information, such as codec type, available bandwidth, or any other information relevant to encoding the scalable buffer remote access session.

Although not separately shown in FIG. 7, in some implementations, the client device may determine whether the requested display buffer is within the display area of the host device. For example, the client device may determine whether, for any pixel (x, y) in requested area, x>=0, x<host_content_width, y>=0, and y<host_content_height. Thus, the scaling factor ratio may be limited to a maximum ratio (max_ratio_x, max_ratio_y), which may be expressed as max_ratio_x=host_content_width/client_display_width, max_ratio_y=host_content_height/client_display_height. In some implementations, the aspect ratio between the height and width may be maintained and the maximum ratios may be expressed as max_ratio=max(max_ratio_x, max_ratio_y) for a padding display mode and max_ratio=min(max_ratio_x, max_ratio_y) for a clipping display mode.

The host device 704 may render a portion of a representation of a display area of an operating environment of the host device 704 at 720. The portion rendered may correspond to the requested display buffer information, as shown in FIG. 6. In some implementations, the host device 704 may render a sequence of frames. Each frame may include implicit or explicit information, such as the request identifier, offset information, buffer information, a timestamp, or any other information relevant to the rendered sequence of frames. In some implementations, the host device 704 may render a representation of a display area of an operating environment of the host device 704, and may capture a portion of the rendered content corresponding to the requested display buffer.

In some implementations, the host device 704 may determine whether to render the requested portion or to render the local display area and capture the requested portion from the rendered content. For example, for a single client device 702, the host device 704 may render the requested content. In another example, for multiple client devices, which may each request a different portion of the display area, the host device 704 may render the display are and may capture the requested portion of the rendered content for each client device.

The host device 704 may encode the rendered output, which may include compressing rendered frames, at 725. Encoding the rendered output may include encoding without scaling, encoding using a scalable video coding scheme, encoding scaled content, or encoding using a hybrid scaling scheme.

Encoding the rendered content without scaling may include encoding the rendered content at the resolution of the host device 704. Encoding without scaling may utilize relatively large amounts of processing resources at the host device 704 and the client device 702 and may utilize relatively large amounts of communication bandwidth. Encoding the rendered content without scaling may allow the client device 702 to respond to changes in zoom level without requesting additional information from the host device 704. For example, the client device 702 may request zoomed-out content, which may include determining the size of the un-scaled content, sending the un-scaled size information to the host device 704, and down-scaling the received rendered content to fit the client display window on the client device 702.

Encoding the rendered content using a scalable video coding scheme, such as Scalable Video Coding (SVC), may include adaptively adjusting the frame rate or quality of the encoded output based on available bandwidth, and may utilize relatively large amounts of computing resources at the host device 704 and the client device 702. For example, adjusting the frame rate may include including higher resolution layers in the encoded output at a frame rate that is lower than the frame rate the content was rendered. In some implementations, the host device 704 may encode the high resolution layers at the frame rate the content was rendered and may reduce the frame rate of the encoded output by omitting some frames from the output. For example, the host device 704 may encode at the full frame rate to be prepared for a zoom-in request from client.

Encoding scaled content may include scaling the rendered content based on the scaling factor ratio and encoding the scaled content. For example, the buffer size may be 640×480, the scaling factor ratio may be 2/3 (ratio_x=2, ratio_y=3), and the host device 704 may scale the rendered content to 320×160. Encoding the scaled content may utilize relatively little communication bandwidth.

Encoding the rendered content using a hybrid encoding scheme may include concurrently encoding multiple output streams. In some implementations, each output stream may be encoded using different encoding parameters, such as different resolutions or different frame rates. Generating a first encoded output stream may include scaling the rendered content based on the scaling factor ratio and encoding the scaled content. Generating a second encoded output stream may include scaling the rendered content based on the scaling factor ratio and encoding the scaled content at a reduced frame rate. Encoding using a hybrid encoding scheme may utilize a relatively high amount of communication bandwidth and may be performed using a video codec that does not support a scalable video coding scheme.

The host device 704 may transmit and the client device 702 may receive the encoded content at 730.

The client device 702 may decode the encoded content and may present a client display window including the rendering of the buffer portion as a window into the display area of the host operating environment at 740. For example, the client device 702 may present the client display window via a local graphical display device. Although not shown separately, the client device 702 may scale the rendering of the buffer portion. For example, the decoded content may be unscaled, and the client device 702 may scale down the decoded content to fit a smaller client display window.

In some implementations, presenting the rendered content may include maintaining position information for elements of the representation of the display, such as a cursor location relative to the display area of the host device. For example, cursor movement at the client device may be mapped to the operating environment of the host device using the scaling factor ratio (ratio_x, ratio_y).

The client device 702 may receive a change of the client display window, such as a zoom indication, at 745. For example, the client device 702 may receive input, such as user input, which may be received, via an operating system of the client device, from a user input device of the client device, such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a touch screen, indicating a change in the zoom of the client display window. For example, the client device 702 may include a touch screen and the indication of the change of the zoom may be received in response to a gesture received by the touch screen.

In some implementations, the zoom indication may indicate a change of the portion displayed in the client display window wherein the updated display portion is included within the received rendered display information, and the client device 702 may present the updated display portion at 746. For example, the zoom indication may indicate a zoom-in of the display portion, the client device 702 may scale the zoomed-in portion to fit the client display window, and the client device 702 may present the zoomed-in display portion.

In some implementations, the zoom indication may indicate a request to change the portion displayed in the client display window wherein the requested display portion is not included within the received rendered content, and the client device 702 may transmit information indicating updated requested display buffer information to the host device 704 at 750. For example, the client device 702 may transmit a new request identifier (request_id), a new requested display buffer size (client_buffer_width, client_buffer_height), a new requested buffer position (buffer_offset_x, buffer_offset_y), a new scaling factor ratio (ratio_x, ratio_y), or a combination thereof. For example, the scaling factor ratio may be set dynamically.

The host device 704 may render a portion of a representation of the display area of the operating environment of the host device 704 corresponding to the updated requested display buffer information at 760. The host device 704 may encode the rendered portion at 765, which may include encoding with the same or a different encoding scheme.

The host device 704 may transmit and the client device 702 may receive the updated rendered content at 770. The client device 702 may decode and present the updated rendered content at 780.

Although described with reference to an operating environment of the host device 704, scalable buffer remote access may be used for remote presentation at the client device 702 of any content rendered at the host device 704. For example, scalable buffer remote access may be associated with an identified application running at the host device 704 and the client buffer include a portion of the display area of the application.

Other implementations of the diagram of scalable buffer remote access as shown in FIG. 7 are available. In implementations, additional elements of scalable buffer remote access can be added, certain elements can be combined, and/or certain elements can be removed. For example, in an implementation, scalable buffer remote access can include an additional element involving determining an encoding mode, or the elements at 740/745 can be skipped and/or omitted for one or more frames.

The words “example” or “exemplary” are used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, use of the words “example” or “exemplary” is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or”. That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X includes A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X includes A; X includes B; or X includes both A and B, then “X includes A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. Moreover, use of the term “an embodiment” or “one embodiment” or “an implementation” or “one implementation” throughout is not intended to mean the same embodiment or implementation unless described as such. As used herein, the terms “determine” and “identify”, or any variations thereof, includes selecting, ascertaining, computing, looking up, receiving, determining, establishing, obtaining, or otherwise identifying or determining in any manner whatsoever using one or more of the devices shown in FIGS. 1-3.

Further, for simplicity of explanation, although the figures and descriptions herein may include sequences or series of steps or stages, elements of the methods disclosed herein can occur in various orders or concurrently. Additionally, elements of the methods disclosed herein may occur with other elements not explicitly presented and described herein. Furthermore, not all elements of the methods described herein may be required to implement a method in accordance with the disclosed subject matter.

The implementations of the computing and communication devices (and the algorithms, methods, or any part or parts thereof, stored thereon or executed thereby) can be realized in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. The hardware can include, for example, computers, intellectual property (IP) cores, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic arrays, optical processors, programmable logic controllers, microcode, microcontrollers, servers, microprocessors, digital signal processors or any other suitable circuit. In the claims, the term “processor” should be understood as encompassing any of the foregoing hardware, either singly or in combination. The terms “signal” and “data” are used interchangeably. Further, portions of the computing and communication devices do not necessarily have to be implemented in the same manner.

Further, all or a portion of implementations can take the form of a computer program product accessible from, for example, a tangible computer-usable or computer-readable medium. A computer-usable or computer-readable medium can be any device that can, for example, tangibly contain, store, communicate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with any processor. The medium can be, for example, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or a semiconductor device. Other suitable mediums are also available.

The above-described implementations have been described in order to allow easy understanding of the application are not limiting. On the contrary, the application covers various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims, which scope is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structure as is permitted under the law. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of scalable buffer remote access, the method comprising: generating, at a client device, a scalable display buffer request indicating: a portion of a display area of an operating environment of a host device, and a scaling factor ratio; transmitting the scalable display buffer request to the host device; receiving rendered content including a rendering of a representation of the portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device, wherein the rendering is scaled based on the scaling factor; and presenting a client display window including the rendered content as a window into the display area of the operating environment of the host device.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the scalable display buffer request includes transmitting via an electronic communication network and receiving the rendered content includes receiving via the electronic communication network.
 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating a scalable buffer remote access session, wherein initiating the scalable buffer remote access session includes: receiving host display information indicating the display area; and generating the scalable display buffer request based on the host display information.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the host display information includes a host width and a host height, and the scalable display buffer request includes a buffer width, a buffer height, a vertical offset, a horizontal offset, a horizontal scaling ratio, and a vertical scaling ratio.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the rendered content includes receiving a series of frames.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting the client display window includes outputting the client display window to a graphical display device of the client device.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: maintaining position information for an element of the operating environment based on the scaling factor.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a zoom indication from a user input device of the client device via an operating system of the client device.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein receiving the zoom indication includes receiving information indicating a gesture.
 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: on a condition that the zoom indication indicates a portion of the display area of the host device included in rendered content, presenting an updated client display window based on the rendered content and the zoom indication.
 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising: on a condition that the zoom indication indicates a portion of the display area of the host device not included in rendered content, generating an updated scalable display buffer request indicating an updated portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device based on the zoom indication; transmitting the updated scalable display buffer request to the host device; receiving updated rendered content including an updated rendering of a representation of the updated portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device; and presenting an updated client display window including the update rendered content.
 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a resolution of the display area of the operating environment of the host device is independent of the client device.
 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the scaling factor ratio identifies a ratio between a resolution of the client display window and a resolution of the portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device.
 14. A method of scalable buffer remote access, the method comprising: initiating an scalable buffer remote access session, wherein initiating the scalable buffer remote access session includes: receiving host display information indicating a display area of an operating environment of a host device, generating, at a client device, a scalable display buffer request indicating: a portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device; and a scaling factor ratio, and transmitting the scalable display buffer request to the host device via an electronic communication network; receiving, via the electronic communication network, rendered content including a rendering of a representation of the portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device, wherein the rendered content is scaled based on the scaling factor ratio; and presenting a client display window including the rendered content as a window into the display area of the operating environment of the host device by outputting the client display window to a graphical display device of the client device.
 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the host display information includes a host width and a host height, and the scalable display buffer request includes a buffer width, a buffer height, a vertical offset, a horizontal offset, a horizontal scaling ratio, and a vertical scaling ratio.
 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising maintaining position information for an element of the operating environment based on the scaling factor ratio.
 17. The method of claim 14, further comprising receiving a zoom indication from a user input device of the client device via an operating system of the client device.
 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: on a condition that the zoom indication indicates a portion of the display area of the host device included in rendered content, presenting an updated client display window based on the rendered content and the zoom indication; and on a condition that the zoom indication indicates a portion of the display area of the host device not included in rendered content: generating an updated scalable display buffer request indicating an updated portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device based on the zoom indication; transmitting the updated scalable display buffer request to the host device; receiving updated rendered content including an updated rendering of a representation of the updated portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device; and presenting an updated client display window including the updated rendered content.
 19. The method of claim 14, wherein a resolution of the display area of the operating environment of the host device is independent of the client device.
 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the scaling factor ratio identifies a ratio between a resolution of the client display window and a resolution of the portion of the display area of the operating environment of the host device. 